The discovery of some Neolithic tools inside the valley has proved that it was once a domain of the pre-historic people. According to legends and some other literary sources, the Kiratis ruled the valley before Christian era began. The Hadigoan excavations and the discovery of the life size sculpture of King Jaya Verma with inscription dated 107 BS (185 AD) have proved that the dynasties who entered Nepal after the death of Gautama Buddha, during 5th century BC. occupied this valley.
As we do not have enough information about the Verma dynasty, let me consider it as early Licchavi dynasty. It was a known fact that after the attacks of Bimbisara, Virudhaka and Ajatasatru, the rulers of North India in the 5th century BC, the tribal Janapadas of the Sakyas. Licchavis, Vrijis, and many others were disappeared in the course of time. They migrated towards the Himalayan foot hills for their safety. In the later centuries, many other ruling clans such as Kolis, Sakas, Kushans, Gupta (Aviras) and others also migrated towards the foot hills of Himalayan belt and slowly moved towards the Kathmandu valley. But not all of them could establish their dynasties.
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