Location: Kalavai, a small town in the Vellore district of Tamil Nadu, India.
Date: February 13, 1907.
A young boy of thirteen is chosen to become the 68th Pitadhipathi of Sri Kanchi Kamakoti
Pitam, in the illustrious parampara of Acharyas who adorned the Pitam established by Sri Adhi
Sankara more than 2500 years ago.
That boy is none other then His Holiness Jagadguru Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Swamigal. To millions of devotees he was simply ‘Periyava’- the revered one or Maha-Periyava. ‘Periyava’ in Tamil means a great person. That term however has acquired a special meaning because it has come to refer to His Holiness. It is a term that at once conveys endearment, reverence and devotion. It would never be mentioned in a casual manner. Mahaswami and Paramacharya are his other well-known appellations.
The Paramacharya was the Pitadhipathi of the Mutt for 87 long years. During this period, Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Pitam acquired new strength as an institution that propogated Sri Adhi Sankara’s teachings. The devotion, fervour and intensity with which the Paramacharya practised what Adhi Sankara had preached, is unparalleled. He lived a Spartan life. Throughout his life, the main focus of his concern and activities was rejuvenating Vedha adhyayana, the Dharma Sasthras and the age old tradition which had suffered decline. ‘Vedha rakshanam’ was his very life breath and he referred to this in most of his public discourses and private conversations. His prodding regular support to Vedha Patasalas through the Vedhic scholars, holding regular sadhas which included discussions on arts and culture- these led to a renewed interest in Vedhic religion, Dharma sasthras and Sanskrit. His long tenure as Pitathipathi was the golden era of the Kanchi Kamakoti Pitam.
Paramacharya was a walking university. Scholars of all sects, not only from all over India but also from countries abroad came to him and deemed it a blessing and a privilege to go back enlightened after meeting him. His regular visitors ranged from the most ordinary village fold to the highest in the land. Presidents and Prime ordinary village folk to the highest in the land. Presidents and Prime Ministers, Kings and Queens, Highnesses and Excellencies came to spend a few moments with him and seek his blessings.
That the Paramacharya was an extraordinary phenomenon can be seen from this incident. When he was in his late eighties he left Kanchipuram and undertook a padha yathra through Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra. Before he returned to Kanchipuram he made all arrangements for the construction of an exquisite Nataraja temple at Satara (Uttara Chidambaram). The uniqueness about this temple is the fact that the states of Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Andhra Pradesh, Karanataka, and Maharashtra came together to build the 5 doorways to the temple. The state of Kerala supplied the entire wood required for the temple. It was only his grace and moral influence that made this possible.
The Paramacharya’s catholicity of outlook was extraordinary. He was the Advaitha Acharaya. He was the authentic spokesman of Hindu religion and its Dharma Shastras and of Sanathana Dharma. He even believed that it was Vedhic religion that had prevailed all over the world in ancient times. But, just as he had high regard for the Acharyas of other philosophical doctrines like Ramanuja nnd Madhva and the Nayanmars of Saiva Siddhanta, he had great respect for Jesus and Mohamed Nabi, the prophet. He could be so considerate as to express the view that those who indulged in proselytisation did so out of their conviction that their religion alone could secure redemption.
February 13, 2006 marks the beginning of the 100th years of the Paramacharya’s Sanyasa Swikarana (entering the ascetic order) and Pitaarohana (becoming the head of the Sri Kanchi Kamokottipitam). Sri Kanchi Mahaswami Peetarohana Shatabdi Mahotsava Trust has been specially formed to celebrate this significant milestone in the spiritual history of India.
The main objective of the Trust is to spread the thoughts and the message of the Paramacharya across the world, not just to his devotees, but even to others who might never have had the opportunity to have his dharsan. With this objective in view the Trust has undertaken on priority the translation into English and other major Indian languages of his discourses in Tamil (upansayam). To begin with, we have chosen ‘Deivathin Kural’-Voice of God in Tamil. It is a collection of the Paramacharya’s discourses starting from 1932. These are seven volumes each of about 1000 pages. His talks cover a wide range of topics apart from all aspects of Vedhic dharma and Hindu religion which is the main focus. It is a veritable encyclopedia of Hindu religion and dharma to which people refer for authentic information on these aspects.
‘Deivathin Kural’ is a monumental work by Sri Ra Ganapathy and it occupies a special place among many books written about Paramacharya. Sri Ganapathy painstakingly collated all of Paramacharya’s talks, conversations, casual comments, answers to questions etc covering several aspects of our ancient religion, dharma and culture. Sri Ganapathy not only collected the material but also collated and organized under various subjects everything that the Paramacharya had spoken about a subject over many years at several places.
The purpose of the English translation is two fold. One is to reach Paramacharya’s thoughts and message to a wider audience. The second is to use the English translation as the basic text for translation into other Indian languages. The original in Tamil portrays in large measure the simplicity and clarity of thoughts and expressions and the unique story telling style of the Paramacharya. It has been our attempt to capture it in English. As readers will know this is not an easy task. In one of his talks, while explaining the need to protect the Vedhas in their original form, the Paramacharya himself has, in his characteristic style, referred to the limitations of any translation.
The Paramacharya’s observations are a warning to us and we are deeply conscious of our responsibility. Effort has been made to address the average reader through this work in simple language. Since the English version is to be the base from which translation into other Indian languages will be done, suitable diacritical markings have been used for Sanskrit and Tamil words. Wherever necessary the actual Sanskrit words and Slockas have been given with diacritical markings and the meanings are also given along with the words. This should make it more convenient for the reader than a separate glossary at the end.
It is usual to share one’s good and memorable experiences with others. When two devotees of the Paramacharya meet, it turns out to be an occasion for sharing of experiences. Entire train journeys could be spent talking only about him and his various qualities. He has indeed created a huge family, truly a Vasudaiva Kutumbhakam. It is the hope and wish of Sri Kanchi Mahaswami Peetarohana Shatabdi Mahotsaa Trust that readers will experience the Paramacharya through these pages, which in itself would be an elevating experience.
His talks do more than providing insight into Vedhic Dharma and Hindu religion. There is indeed hope that inspite of the declining moral values all around, dharma will prevail. It should also be clear that mere wishful thinking will not make that happen. All of us have a duty and responsibility towards making it happen. The many schemes which the Paramacharya introduced are simple and effective. If any thing, we have to revive many of his practical ideas and implement them.
The blessings of H.H. Sri Jayendra Saraswathi Swamigal and H.H. Sri Sanara Vijayendra Saraswathi Swamigal, the 69th and 70th Acharyas of Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Pitam have provided encouragement to this Trust to embark on a project of this magnitude. It is their Sankalpa that the Paramacharya’s message should reach every Indian wherever he may be. We are overwhelmed by the responsibility they have placed on us.
Millions of the Paramacharya’s devotees sincerely believe that He is alive even today and He is guiding us on the path of dharma. It is his spirit that acts as the beacon in these troubled times. It is through his grace that this work is being published.
Srimukham | i | |
Gurustuthi | v | |
Introduction | ix | |
Acknowledgements | xiv | |
Guidance to Pronounciation | xvii | |
1. | Mangalarambham | 1 |
The pillaiyar symbol | 3 | |
Vinayakas connection with writing | 7 | |
Let us go around (Circumambulate) Valampuri Vinayakar | 10 | |
2. | Guru | 10 |
Giri, (Teacher) | 15 | |
Guru, Acharya (Preceptor) | 17 | |
Definition of ‘Guru’ | 20 | |
External relationship of ‘Guru’ with inner glory | 23 | |
Dhikshai | 27 | |
Dhikshais bestowed by Ambal | 31 | |
Several paths for the one final bliss | 35 | |
Non-Distinction between Guru and Acharya | 37 | |
Regard the Acharya as Iswara | 40 | |
Follow the traditions of the clan | 42 | |
Guru bhakthi displayed by great souls Gods as Sishyas | 44 | |
Adhi Sankara’s Acharya Bhakthi | 46 | |
Ramanuja’s Guru Bhakthi | 47 | |
The Sishyas of Sankara | 48 | |
In Ramanuja Sampradhayam | 51 | |
Guru Bhakthi of the Sikhs | 58 | |
3. | The Rules of Conduct for the Society and the Individual | 59 |
Charity (Paropakaram) | ||
Aswamedham to which all are entitled | 61 | |
‘My duty is to keep serving without any expectation’ | 64 | |
Inner purity is essential | 69 | |
Vedhic religion and service to the world | 71 | |
Randhi Devan | 74 | |
The strange mongoose | 82 | |
Charity is the highest Dharma | 87 | |
The significance of Karthikai dipam | 92 | |
For the good of those in hell too | 95 | |
Charity as extolled in Vedha Sasthras | 98 | |
Those who are exceptions | 105 | |
Gift away the thought of charity also | 107 | |
Sacrifice by A dove | 109 | |
When Yama (The Lord of death) Himself was afraid | 111 | |
The great donors (philanthropists) of Tamil Nadu | 112 | |
The essence of Sanathana Dharma | 114 | |
‘Purtha Dharmam’: Public service by collective action | 115 | |
Service to god and service to humanity | 120 | |
The intrinsic worth of service | 122 | |
The scheme of ‘Mudhradhikaris’ | 129 | |
Weekly worship | 135 | |
Spending money-need for extreme caution | 137 | |
Both with money and body | 140 | |
Service not influenced by caste factor is the need | 143 | |
Make the means for a living, The means for ‘Dharma’ | 144 | |
How to help preserve the traditional religious discipline (Achara) | 148 | |
Ancient Sasthras along with school education | 152 | |
To earn respect without a degree | 154 | |
Service by ladies | 155 | |
Ladies and Sramdhan | 157 | |
Hard work and progeny | 158 | |
Manliness through bodily labour | 160 | |
The need for both physical and spiritual accomplishment | 161 | |
Co-operation between husband and wife | 163 | |
Charity begins at home- A new interpretation | 164 | |
The great cruelty of dowry | 166 | |
Simple living | 169 | |
Kindred and relatives | 170 | |
To help the growth of vedhic ways | 172 | |
Duty towards the dead | 173 | |
Cremation/Burial of the dead- The greatness of a Human body | 174 | |
Unclaimed corpses | 179 | |
Hindu society’s blemish | 180 | |
This is Asvamedha | 182 | |
The path shown by Rama and Krishna | 184 | |
The distress of some is a test for many | 185 | |
When life leaves the body | 189 | |
What is practised throughout life will come at the moment of death | 192 | |
Remembering the Lord | 193 | |
The thought at the last moment- Its importance | 195 | |
Remembering God while going to sleep | 197 | |
Shortcut to Moksha | 198 | |
Noble service when life departs | 200 | |
What needs to be done | 203 | |
Why ‘Divasam’ (Annual ceremony) when soul has reached The Lord | 206 | |
Purification of body and mind | 207 | |
A day without service is a day wasted | 208 | |
This is Vedha Dharma | 209 | |
Self help is the best help- Praise and criticism | 216 | |
Public service and duties towards the family | 218 | |
Hindu religion and the individual | 219 | |
How it differs form other religions | 220 | |
The object of temple worship | 221 | |
Reasons for contradiction | 224 | |
Why I do not speak about one’s own mundane affairs | 227 | |
I have been a bit less careful | 228 | |
Fraud, Hypocrisy | 231 | |
The injunctions of the sasthras | 233 | |
The example of the great | 234 | |
Matters pertaining to parents | 236 | |
Matters pertaining to wife and children | 237 | |
Adverse effect on the objective itself | 238 | |
First the home, Then the rest | 239 | |
The highest state cannot be the example | 241 | |
Punishment for failing in duty | 242 | |
The quality of service- Mindedness | 243 | |
Condemnation is itself praise | 245 | |
Thrift and service to others object of thrift is service to others | 260 | |
Debt is harmful for all | 262 | |
Service to others is itself a ‘debt’! | 265 | |
How to save | 267 | |
Established rules of discipline and conduct (Acharam) | 268 | |
The Achara of the clan is the way of redemption | 271 | |
The weight of experience | 274 | |
Decline in discipline due to reforms | 275 | |
What the Gita commands | 276 | |
Reformist leaders | 277 | |
The leaders and the followers | 279 | |
Practical evidence | 282 | |
A single test is enough | 283 | |
Purity of mind and external activities | 284 | |
Modern superstitions | 287 | |
God, religion and Dharma | 290 | |
The duty of a leader; What the Gita says | 291 | |
Three different ideologies | 293 | |
Reform for achieving worldly goals | 294 | |
Reforms with spiritual goals | 297 | |
Heads of the modern religions which have not become a separate sect | 299 | |
The modern vedanthis | 306 | |
Net result | 308 | |
The one who knows and those who do not know | 309 | |
Sugar- Coated pill | 315 | |
The development of those times and the deterioration of these times | 316 | |
A narrow pathway | 319 | |
Mental discipline ruling over nature’s laws | 320 | |
The internal division of religious Achara (Madhacharam) | ||
(This is an explanation of the earlier talk) | 324 | |
The great ones who are exceptions | 345 | |
The duty of religious enthusiasts | 348 | |
Matters relating to Acharam the characteristic of Acharam | 350 | |
From the external to the internal | 352 | |
Ordinary Dharmas in Acharam | 354 | |
The relationship between Dharmam and Acharam | 357 | |
Containing everything | 358 | |
Rewards- Seen and Unseen | 359 | |
Relating all activities to Iswara | 362 | |
The subtleties of science In Acharas Sasthras | 364 | |
Not subordinate to science | 367 | |
Acharam is for spiritual satisfaction | 375 | |
The division of Achara; The Verdict of Kural | 378 | |
Acharam and Varnasrama | 382 | |
The ideal state and what is practicable | 383 | |
The drawbacks of not differentiating functions | 391 | |
Absence of Exception- The consequences | 394 | |
Flexibility in Acharam | 397 | |
Complete Acharam to the extent possible | 400 | |
Types of bath | 402 | |
Involvement and faith (Sraddha) | 407 | |
Some rules of Acharam | 409 | |
Karmas laid down by Sasthras and synthetic materials | 413 | |
The evil that befalls due to personal pollution | 415 | |
Matters emotional/ sentimental | 416 | |
Activities to be conducted with the thought of God and with Manthras | 417 | |
The original sasthra and contrary traditions | 418 | |
Without questioning | 422 | |
Gives worldly benefits too | 423 | |
Acharam and office routine | 425 | |
Let us all become orthodox (Vaidhikam) | 427 | |
What needs to be done urgently | 429 | |
Benefits of being bound by discipline | 431 | |
Books on Acharas | 433 | |
The greatness of those days and the fallen state of these days | 434 | |
Sasthras which evolved by the examples of those who practised | 436 | |
Acharam and the food we take | 439 | |
Food and all those connected with it | 444 | |
The three qualities (Guna) | 448 | |
Food and qualities (Guna) | 450 | |
Purity of materials | 455 | |
Distinction in the rules | 458 | |
When the ideal agrees with the practical | 459 | |
‘Saiva’ food | 464 | |
Is there not violence involved in eating vegetables? | 466 | |
The virtues of vegetarian food | 470 | |
Ancient customs and the practices of kali Yuga | 474 | |
To progress step by step | 477 | |
Vegetarian food is of greater need now than before | 478 | |
Prohibition | 480 | |
Smoking: An anti-social act | 482 | |
Coffee and other soft drinks | 483 | |
Milk based products | 486 | |
Chewing pan | 488 | |
The goal of peace should not be spoiled | 489 | |
Quantity is important | 490 | |
Rules to suit the times | 491 | |
Chathurmasyam and rules for food | 492 | |
Avoiding salt | 495 | |
Cooking one’s own food | 496 | |
Swayampakam, A new tune | 497 | |
The divine ‘Rasa’ In ‘Anna Rasam’ | 498 | |
Those taking food with Us | 501 | |
The way to nurture vedhic learning | 504 | |
Bikshai and Swayampakam | 506 | |
The superior customs of the northern parts | 508 | |
Cookery in the scheme of education | 512 | |
True reform of food preparation | 515 | |
How to extend hispitality | 517 | |
Nivedhanam (Worshipful offering to God) | 518 | |
Benefits which are the essence | 519 | |
The importance of food in the enjoyment of senses | 520 | |
Upavasam does it mean eating twice on Ekadasi day? | 522 | |
The need for upavasam | 524 | |
Upavasam as deal with in the Upanishads | 528 | |
Mederation, The right way- Acharya and Krishna | 529 | |
Days of household festivals, Vrathas and the glory of Ekadasi | 533 | |
High Status of Ekadasi | 537 | |
Upavasam and hard work | 539 | |
Very strict observance by Madhvas | 540 | |
Exalted status accorded by people of all divisions | 542 | |
The names of Ekadasi | 543 | |
Let us have the sense of fulfilment | 545 | |
Mounam (silence) to reduce work for the mouth | 547 | |
Silence is the nature of a muni | 549 | |
Days Suitable for Mounam | 550 | |
Keeping Awake | 551 | |
The beginning and the state of ending | 552 | |
Arresting the thoughts | 555 | |
Thought of Iswara | 557 | |
Will help also social good | 560 | |
Silent Prayer | 561 | |
The lesson that I have learnt | 562 | |
Know the limit and act- Extremes are intended to lead to moderation | 563 | |
Being Calculative in all kinds of income and expenditure | 570 | |
Aparigraham | 572 | |
4. | Vaithika Aspects of Religion | 577 |
What for upa Vedham? | 579 | |
The subsidiary (Upa) and the main (Mulam) | 582 | |
Vasthu Sasthra | 583 | |
What for should the body be nurtured? | 585 | |
Spiritual goal even in medical treatment | 587 | |
Mani (Gem)- Manthra- Aushadham (Medicine) | 592 | |
Ayurvedham and Religious observances | 596 | |
Surgery | 600 | |
Other sciences in Ayurvedha | 604 | |
Regulation of deit when taking medicine | 605 | |
Reasons for following the ayurvedha system | 606 | |
Let all be blessed with long life | 608 | |
Dhanurvedham why it was evolved | 610 | |
The code for Punishment | 612 | |
What is Dhanur? | 614 | |
Asthram, Sasthram | 615 | |
The bows of Gods | 618 | |
Three types of weapons | 620 | |
The classification of the army | 622 | |
Fort | 623 | |
Fight by wrestling | 625 | |
Dharma Yuddham | 626 | |
Gandharva Vedham- The utility of something Which is of no Use! | 629 | |
Why the name? | 633 | |
The sixty-four arts | 634 | |
Entertainment and control of senses | 635 | |
Aesthetic sense and experience of self | 637 | |
Capable of making a deep impression | 641 | |
Thevaram and Divyaprabhandham traditions | 643 | |
The Dharma appropriate to jathis | 645 | |
The glory of Nadham (Music) | 648 | |
Sound which is expansive and sound that is limited | 651 | |
The knowledge our ancients had about sound engineering | 654 | |
Reaching through the senses what is beyond sense | 656 | |
Kinds of musical instruments and dances | 659 | |
The divine link | 660 | |
Love and peace through music | 663 | |
Creation and release through Nadha and Natya | 665 | |
The great and divine masters of fine arts | 667 | |
Folk songs and songs related to day to day life | 669 | |
Art that enhances national pride | 671 | |
Ideal should not be forgotten | 672 | |
Artha Sasthram | 673 | |
Artha Sasthram and Dharma Sasthram | 676 | |
The eternal law and temporary changes | 680 | |
The constraints and discipline to which the king was subject | 682 | |
Two important duties of the king | 691 | |
Criminal jurisprudence applicable internally | 692 | |
Is there partiality to the Brahmin? | 695 | |
Nurturing of Dharma is the foundation; Ensuring the observance of varna Dharma | 696 | |
Laws of Punishment in respect of other countries | 705 | |
Noble aspects even in punishment | 708 | |
Six policies to be followed in respect of other countries | 710 | |
The Various organs of a government | 711 | |
This is the substance | 712 | |
5 | Culture | 715 |
Poetic genius- Play of words | 717 | |
A bharatha ‘Guttu’ | 719 | |
Siva-Sakthi as Siva-Vishnu | 726 | |
Fantastic change by removing a single letter | 728 | |
One dot more | 732 | |
Exchange of garlands | ||
The holy feet (Of Kamakshi) and the planets | 735 | |
The mosquito and Kesava | 737 | |
6 | The Principle of Divinity; The Gods | 739 |
Can nature function without Iswara? | 741 | |
Navanitha Krishnan: Vatapathrasayi | 744 | |
The glory of the name of Siva; The glory that Siva Bestows | 752 | |
The place of Siva Nama in the Vedhas | 758 | |
Nama which is for all | 759 | |
A vaishnava’s acclaim | 760 | |
Minakshi | 766 | |
7 | Mangalaraththi | 779 |
A Tower of strength to Sita and Rama | 781 |
Location: Kalavai, a small town in the Vellore district of Tamil Nadu, India.
Date: February 13, 1907.
A young boy of thirteen is chosen to become the 68th Pitadhipathi of Sri Kanchi Kamakoti
Pitam, in the illustrious parampara of Acharyas who adorned the Pitam established by Sri Adhi
Sankara more than 2500 years ago.
That boy is none other then His Holiness Jagadguru Sri Chandrasekharendra Saraswathi Swamigal. To millions of devotees he was simply ‘Periyava’- the revered one or Maha-Periyava. ‘Periyava’ in Tamil means a great person. That term however has acquired a special meaning because it has come to refer to His Holiness. It is a term that at once conveys endearment, reverence and devotion. It would never be mentioned in a casual manner. Mahaswami and Paramacharya are his other well-known appellations.
The Paramacharya was the Pitadhipathi of the Mutt for 87 long years. During this period, Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Pitam acquired new strength as an institution that propogated Sri Adhi Sankara’s teachings. The devotion, fervour and intensity with which the Paramacharya practised what Adhi Sankara had preached, is unparalleled. He lived a Spartan life. Throughout his life, the main focus of his concern and activities was rejuvenating Vedha adhyayana, the Dharma Sasthras and the age old tradition which had suffered decline. ‘Vedha rakshanam’ was his very life breath and he referred to this in most of his public discourses and private conversations. His prodding regular support to Vedha Patasalas through the Vedhic scholars, holding regular sadhas which included discussions on arts and culture- these led to a renewed interest in Vedhic religion, Dharma sasthras and Sanskrit. His long tenure as Pitathipathi was the golden era of the Kanchi Kamakoti Pitam.
Paramacharya was a walking university. Scholars of all sects, not only from all over India but also from countries abroad came to him and deemed it a blessing and a privilege to go back enlightened after meeting him. His regular visitors ranged from the most ordinary village fold to the highest in the land. Presidents and Prime ordinary village folk to the highest in the land. Presidents and Prime Ministers, Kings and Queens, Highnesses and Excellencies came to spend a few moments with him and seek his blessings.
That the Paramacharya was an extraordinary phenomenon can be seen from this incident. When he was in his late eighties he left Kanchipuram and undertook a padha yathra through Karnataka, Maharashtra and Andhra. Before he returned to Kanchipuram he made all arrangements for the construction of an exquisite Nataraja temple at Satara (Uttara Chidambaram). The uniqueness about this temple is the fact that the states of Tamil Nadu, Pondicherry, Andhra Pradesh, Karanataka, and Maharashtra came together to build the 5 doorways to the temple. The state of Kerala supplied the entire wood required for the temple. It was only his grace and moral influence that made this possible.
The Paramacharya’s catholicity of outlook was extraordinary. He was the Advaitha Acharaya. He was the authentic spokesman of Hindu religion and its Dharma Shastras and of Sanathana Dharma. He even believed that it was Vedhic religion that had prevailed all over the world in ancient times. But, just as he had high regard for the Acharyas of other philosophical doctrines like Ramanuja nnd Madhva and the Nayanmars of Saiva Siddhanta, he had great respect for Jesus and Mohamed Nabi, the prophet. He could be so considerate as to express the view that those who indulged in proselytisation did so out of their conviction that their religion alone could secure redemption.
February 13, 2006 marks the beginning of the 100th years of the Paramacharya’s Sanyasa Swikarana (entering the ascetic order) and Pitaarohana (becoming the head of the Sri Kanchi Kamokottipitam). Sri Kanchi Mahaswami Peetarohana Shatabdi Mahotsava Trust has been specially formed to celebrate this significant milestone in the spiritual history of India.
The main objective of the Trust is to spread the thoughts and the message of the Paramacharya across the world, not just to his devotees, but even to others who might never have had the opportunity to have his dharsan. With this objective in view the Trust has undertaken on priority the translation into English and other major Indian languages of his discourses in Tamil (upansayam). To begin with, we have chosen ‘Deivathin Kural’-Voice of God in Tamil. It is a collection of the Paramacharya’s discourses starting from 1932. These are seven volumes each of about 1000 pages. His talks cover a wide range of topics apart from all aspects of Vedhic dharma and Hindu religion which is the main focus. It is a veritable encyclopedia of Hindu religion and dharma to which people refer for authentic information on these aspects.
‘Deivathin Kural’ is a monumental work by Sri Ra Ganapathy and it occupies a special place among many books written about Paramacharya. Sri Ganapathy painstakingly collated all of Paramacharya’s talks, conversations, casual comments, answers to questions etc covering several aspects of our ancient religion, dharma and culture. Sri Ganapathy not only collected the material but also collated and organized under various subjects everything that the Paramacharya had spoken about a subject over many years at several places.
The purpose of the English translation is two fold. One is to reach Paramacharya’s thoughts and message to a wider audience. The second is to use the English translation as the basic text for translation into other Indian languages. The original in Tamil portrays in large measure the simplicity and clarity of thoughts and expressions and the unique story telling style of the Paramacharya. It has been our attempt to capture it in English. As readers will know this is not an easy task. In one of his talks, while explaining the need to protect the Vedhas in their original form, the Paramacharya himself has, in his characteristic style, referred to the limitations of any translation.
The Paramacharya’s observations are a warning to us and we are deeply conscious of our responsibility. Effort has been made to address the average reader through this work in simple language. Since the English version is to be the base from which translation into other Indian languages will be done, suitable diacritical markings have been used for Sanskrit and Tamil words. Wherever necessary the actual Sanskrit words and Slockas have been given with diacritical markings and the meanings are also given along with the words. This should make it more convenient for the reader than a separate glossary at the end.
It is usual to share one’s good and memorable experiences with others. When two devotees of the Paramacharya meet, it turns out to be an occasion for sharing of experiences. Entire train journeys could be spent talking only about him and his various qualities. He has indeed created a huge family, truly a Vasudaiva Kutumbhakam. It is the hope and wish of Sri Kanchi Mahaswami Peetarohana Shatabdi Mahotsaa Trust that readers will experience the Paramacharya through these pages, which in itself would be an elevating experience.
His talks do more than providing insight into Vedhic Dharma and Hindu religion. There is indeed hope that inspite of the declining moral values all around, dharma will prevail. It should also be clear that mere wishful thinking will not make that happen. All of us have a duty and responsibility towards making it happen. The many schemes which the Paramacharya introduced are simple and effective. If any thing, we have to revive many of his practical ideas and implement them.
The blessings of H.H. Sri Jayendra Saraswathi Swamigal and H.H. Sri Sanara Vijayendra Saraswathi Swamigal, the 69th and 70th Acharyas of Sri Kanchi Kamakoti Pitam have provided encouragement to this Trust to embark on a project of this magnitude. It is their Sankalpa that the Paramacharya’s message should reach every Indian wherever he may be. We are overwhelmed by the responsibility they have placed on us.
Millions of the Paramacharya’s devotees sincerely believe that He is alive even today and He is guiding us on the path of dharma. It is his spirit that acts as the beacon in these troubled times. It is through his grace that this work is being published.
Srimukham | i | |
Gurustuthi | v | |
Introduction | ix | |
Acknowledgements | xiv | |
Guidance to Pronounciation | xvii | |
1. | Mangalarambham | 1 |
The pillaiyar symbol | 3 | |
Vinayakas connection with writing | 7 | |
Let us go around (Circumambulate) Valampuri Vinayakar | 10 | |
2. | Guru | 10 |
Giri, (Teacher) | 15 | |
Guru, Acharya (Preceptor) | 17 | |
Definition of ‘Guru’ | 20 | |
External relationship of ‘Guru’ with inner glory | 23 | |
Dhikshai | 27 | |
Dhikshais bestowed by Ambal | 31 | |
Several paths for the one final bliss | 35 | |
Non-Distinction between Guru and Acharya | 37 | |
Regard the Acharya as Iswara | 40 | |
Follow the traditions of the clan | 42 | |
Guru bhakthi displayed by great souls Gods as Sishyas | 44 | |
Adhi Sankara’s Acharya Bhakthi | 46 | |
Ramanuja’s Guru Bhakthi | 47 | |
The Sishyas of Sankara | 48 | |
In Ramanuja Sampradhayam | 51 | |
Guru Bhakthi of the Sikhs | 58 | |
3. | The Rules of Conduct for the Society and the Individual | 59 |
Charity (Paropakaram) | ||
Aswamedham to which all are entitled | 61 | |
‘My duty is to keep serving without any expectation’ | 64 | |
Inner purity is essential | 69 | |
Vedhic religion and service to the world | 71 | |
Randhi Devan | 74 | |
The strange mongoose | 82 | |
Charity is the highest Dharma | 87 | |
The significance of Karthikai dipam | 92 | |
For the good of those in hell too | 95 | |
Charity as extolled in Vedha Sasthras | 98 | |
Those who are exceptions | 105 | |
Gift away the thought of charity also | 107 | |
Sacrifice by A dove | 109 | |
When Yama (The Lord of death) Himself was afraid | 111 | |
The great donors (philanthropists) of Tamil Nadu | 112 | |
The essence of Sanathana Dharma | 114 | |
‘Purtha Dharmam’: Public service by collective action | 115 | |
Service to god and service to humanity | 120 | |
The intrinsic worth of service | 122 | |
The scheme of ‘Mudhradhikaris’ | 129 | |
Weekly worship | 135 | |
Spending money-need for extreme caution | 137 | |
Both with money and body | 140 | |
Service not influenced by caste factor is the need | 143 | |
Make the means for a living, The means for ‘Dharma’ | 144 | |
How to help preserve the traditional religious discipline (Achara) | 148 | |
Ancient Sasthras along with school education | 152 | |
To earn respect without a degree | 154 | |
Service by ladies | 155 | |
Ladies and Sramdhan | 157 | |
Hard work and progeny | 158 | |
Manliness through bodily labour | 160 | |
The need for both physical and spiritual accomplishment | 161 | |
Co-operation between husband and wife | 163 | |
Charity begins at home- A new interpretation | 164 | |
The great cruelty of dowry | 166 | |
Simple living | 169 | |
Kindred and relatives | 170 | |
To help the growth of vedhic ways | 172 | |
Duty towards the dead | 173 | |
Cremation/Burial of the dead- The greatness of a Human body | 174 | |
Unclaimed corpses | 179 | |
Hindu society’s blemish | 180 | |
This is Asvamedha | 182 | |
The path shown by Rama and Krishna | 184 | |
The distress of some is a test for many | 185 | |
When life leaves the body | 189 | |
What is practised throughout life will come at the moment of death | 192 | |
Remembering the Lord | 193 | |
The thought at the last moment- Its importance | 195 | |
Remembering God while going to sleep | 197 | |
Shortcut to Moksha | 198 | |
Noble service when life departs | 200 | |
What needs to be done | 203 | |
Why ‘Divasam’ (Annual ceremony) when soul has reached The Lord | 206 | |
Purification of body and mind | 207 | |
A day without service is a day wasted | 208 | |
This is Vedha Dharma | 209 | |
Self help is the best help- Praise and criticism | 216 | |
Public service and duties towards the family | 218 | |
Hindu religion and the individual | 219 | |
How it differs form other religions | 220 | |
The object of temple worship | 221 | |
Reasons for contradiction | 224 | |
Why I do not speak about one’s own mundane affairs | 227 | |
I have been a bit less careful | 228 | |
Fraud, Hypocrisy | 231 | |
The injunctions of the sasthras | 233 | |
The example of the great | 234 | |
Matters pertaining to parents | 236 | |
Matters pertaining to wife and children | 237 | |
Adverse effect on the objective itself | 238 | |
First the home, Then the rest | 239 | |
The highest state cannot be the example | 241 | |
Punishment for failing in duty | 242 | |
The quality of service- Mindedness | 243 | |
Condemnation is itself praise | 245 | |
Thrift and service to others object of thrift is service to others | 260 | |
Debt is harmful for all | 262 | |
Service to others is itself a ‘debt’! | 265 | |
How to save | 267 | |
Established rules of discipline and conduct (Acharam) | 268 | |
The Achara of the clan is the way of redemption | 271 | |
The weight of experience | 274 | |
Decline in discipline due to reforms | 275 | |
What the Gita commands | 276 | |
Reformist leaders | 277 | |
The leaders and the followers | 279 | |
Practical evidence | 282 | |
A single test is enough | 283 | |
Purity of mind and external activities | 284 | |
Modern superstitions | 287 | |
God, religion and Dharma | 290 | |
The duty of a leader; What the Gita says | 291 | |
Three different ideologies | 293 | |
Reform for achieving worldly goals | 294 | |
Reforms with spiritual goals | 297 | |
Heads of the modern religions which have not become a separate sect | 299 | |
The modern vedanthis | 306 | |
Net result | 308 | |
The one who knows and those who do not know | 309 | |
Sugar- Coated pill | 315 | |
The development of those times and the deterioration of these times | 316 | |
A narrow pathway | 319 | |
Mental discipline ruling over nature’s laws | 320 | |
The internal division of religious Achara (Madhacharam) | ||
(This is an explanation of the earlier talk) | 324 | |
The great ones who are exceptions | 345 | |
The duty of religious enthusiasts | 348 | |
Matters relating to Acharam the characteristic of Acharam | 350 | |
From the external to the internal | 352 | |
Ordinary Dharmas in Acharam | 354 | |
The relationship between Dharmam and Acharam | 357 | |
Containing everything | 358 | |
Rewards- Seen and Unseen | 359 | |
Relating all activities to Iswara | 362 | |
The subtleties of science In Acharas Sasthras | 364 | |
Not subordinate to science | 367 | |
Acharam is for spiritual satisfaction | 375 | |
The division of Achara; The Verdict of Kural | 378 | |
Acharam and Varnasrama | 382 | |
The ideal state and what is practicable | 383 | |
The drawbacks of not differentiating functions | 391 | |
Absence of Exception- The consequences | 394 | |
Flexibility in Acharam | 397 | |
Complete Acharam to the extent possible | 400 | |
Types of bath | 402 | |
Involvement and faith (Sraddha) | 407 | |
Some rules of Acharam | 409 | |
Karmas laid down by Sasthras and synthetic materials | 413 | |
The evil that befalls due to personal pollution | 415 | |
Matters emotional/ sentimental | 416 | |
Activities to be conducted with the thought of God and with Manthras | 417 | |
The original sasthra and contrary traditions | 418 | |
Without questioning | 422 | |
Gives worldly benefits too | 423 | |
Acharam and office routine | 425 | |
Let us all become orthodox (Vaidhikam) | 427 | |
What needs to be done urgently | 429 | |
Benefits of being bound by discipline | 431 | |
Books on Acharas | 433 | |
The greatness of those days and the fallen state of these days | 434 | |
Sasthras which evolved by the examples of those who practised | 436 | |
Acharam and the food we take | 439 | |
Food and all those connected with it | 444 | |
The three qualities (Guna) | 448 | |
Food and qualities (Guna) | 450 | |
Purity of materials | 455 | |
Distinction in the rules | 458 | |
When the ideal agrees with the practical | 459 | |
‘Saiva’ food | 464 | |
Is there not violence involved in eating vegetables? | 466 | |
The virtues of vegetarian food | 470 | |
Ancient customs and the practices of kali Yuga | 474 | |
To progress step by step | 477 | |
Vegetarian food is of greater need now than before | 478 | |
Prohibition | 480 | |
Smoking: An anti-social act | 482 | |
Coffee and other soft drinks | 483 | |
Milk based products | 486 | |
Chewing pan | 488 | |
The goal of peace should not be spoiled | 489 | |
Quantity is important | 490 | |
Rules to suit the times | 491 | |
Chathurmasyam and rules for food | 492 | |
Avoiding salt | 495 | |
Cooking one’s own food | 496 | |
Swayampakam, A new tune | 497 | |
The divine ‘Rasa’ In ‘Anna Rasam’ | 498 | |
Those taking food with Us | 501 | |
The way to nurture vedhic learning | 504 | |
Bikshai and Swayampakam | 506 | |
The superior customs of the northern parts | 508 | |
Cookery in the scheme of education | 512 | |
True reform of food preparation | 515 | |
How to extend hispitality | 517 | |
Nivedhanam (Worshipful offering to God) | 518 | |
Benefits which are the essence | 519 | |
The importance of food in the enjoyment of senses | 520 | |
Upavasam does it mean eating twice on Ekadasi day? | 522 | |
The need for upavasam | 524 | |
Upavasam as deal with in the Upanishads | 528 | |
Mederation, The right way- Acharya and Krishna | 529 | |
Days of household festivals, Vrathas and the glory of Ekadasi | 533 | |
High Status of Ekadasi | 537 | |
Upavasam and hard work | 539 | |
Very strict observance by Madhvas | 540 | |
Exalted status accorded by people of all divisions | 542 | |
The names of Ekadasi | 543 | |
Let us have the sense of fulfilment | 545 | |
Mounam (silence) to reduce work for the mouth | 547 | |
Silence is the nature of a muni | 549 | |
Days Suitable for Mounam | 550 | |
Keeping Awake | 551 | |
The beginning and the state of ending | 552 | |
Arresting the thoughts | 555 | |
Thought of Iswara | 557 | |
Will help also social good | 560 | |
Silent Prayer | 561 | |
The lesson that I have learnt | 562 | |
Know the limit and act- Extremes are intended to lead to moderation | 563 | |
Being Calculative in all kinds of income and expenditure | 570 | |
Aparigraham | 572 | |
4. | Vaithika Aspects of Religion | 577 |
What for upa Vedham? | 579 | |
The subsidiary (Upa) and the main (Mulam) | 582 | |
Vasthu Sasthra | 583 | |
What for should the body be nurtured? | 585 | |
Spiritual goal even in medical treatment | 587 | |
Mani (Gem)- Manthra- Aushadham (Medicine) | 592 | |
Ayurvedham and Religious observances | 596 | |
Surgery | 600 | |
Other sciences in Ayurvedha | 604 | |
Regulation of deit when taking medicine | 605 | |
Reasons for following the ayurvedha system | 606 | |
Let all be blessed with long life | 608 | |
Dhanurvedham why it was evolved | 610 | |
The code for Punishment | 612 | |
What is Dhanur? | 614 | |
Asthram, Sasthram | 615 | |
The bows of Gods | 618 | |
Three types of weapons | 620 | |
The classification of the army | 622 | |
Fort | 623 | |
Fight by wrestling | 625 | |
Dharma Yuddham | 626 | |
Gandharva Vedham- The utility of something Which is of no Use! | 629 | |
Why the name? | 633 | |
The sixty-four arts | 634 | |
Entertainment and control of senses | 635 | |
Aesthetic sense and experience of self | 637 | |
Capable of making a deep impression | 641 | |
Thevaram and Divyaprabhandham traditions | 643 | |
The Dharma appropriate to jathis | 645 | |
The glory of Nadham (Music) | 648 | |
Sound which is expansive and sound that is limited | 651 | |
The knowledge our ancients had about sound engineering | 654 | |
Reaching through the senses what is beyond sense | 656 | |
Kinds of musical instruments and dances | 659 | |
The divine link | 660 | |
Love and peace through music | 663 | |
Creation and release through Nadha and Natya | 665 | |
The great and divine masters of fine arts | 667 | |
Folk songs and songs related to day to day life | 669 | |
Art that enhances national pride | 671 | |
Ideal should not be forgotten | 672 | |
Artha Sasthram | 673 | |
Artha Sasthram and Dharma Sasthram | 676 | |
The eternal law and temporary changes | 680 | |
The constraints and discipline to which the king was subject | 682 | |
Two important duties of the king | 691 | |
Criminal jurisprudence applicable internally | 692 | |
Is there partiality to the Brahmin? | 695 | |
Nurturing of Dharma is the foundation; Ensuring the observance of varna Dharma | 696 | |
Laws of Punishment in respect of other countries | 705 | |
Noble aspects even in punishment | 708 | |
Six policies to be followed in respect of other countries | 710 | |
The Various organs of a government | 711 | |
This is the substance | 712 | |
5 | Culture | 715 |
Poetic genius- Play of words | 717 | |
A bharatha ‘Guttu’ | 719 | |
Siva-Sakthi as Siva-Vishnu | 726 | |
Fantastic change by removing a single letter | 728 | |
One dot more | 732 | |
Exchange of garlands | ||
The holy feet (Of Kamakshi) and the planets | 735 | |
The mosquito and Kesava | 737 | |
6 | The Principle of Divinity; The Gods | 739 |
Can nature function without Iswara? | 741 | |
Navanitha Krishnan: Vatapathrasayi | 744 | |
The glory of the name of Siva; The glory that Siva Bestows | 752 | |
The place of Siva Nama in the Vedhas | 758 | |
Nama which is for all | 759 | |
A vaishnava’s acclaim | 760 | |
Minakshi | 766 | |
7 | Mangalaraththi | 779 |
A Tower of strength to Sita and Rama | 781 |