Mizoram- Economics Education and Political Scenario

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This book aimed at creating a platform for exchange of experiences and outcome from the studies of different regions enfolding various dimensions. The book presents the findings of twenty three intriguing panoramic studies on Economics, Politics, Literature and Education of Mizoram and her neighbours, to students and scholars who have undertaken the disciplines of scholarly research to the human problems that confront them in their chosen vocation.

C. Lalremruata (b.1961) joined Govt. J. Thankima College in 1998 as Lecturer in the Department of Education. He was awarded Ph. D degree in 2011 by the Mizoram University and promoted to Professor in 2017. He is the Principal, Govt. J. Thankima College during 2017-2019. His area of specialization is Elementary education and published a good number of papers in reputed Journals to his credit.

J. V. Nunchunga (b. 1975) completed his Matriculation from Govt. High School, Thingsal in 1993, Pre-University (Science) and B. Sc (Major) from Pachhunga University College, Aizawl in 1995 and 1998 respectively. He had obtained his M.A (Economics) from North Eastern Hill University in 2000. He was awarded Ph. D in Economics by the Mizoram University in 2009. He is a Professor of Economics at Govt. J. Thankima College, Aizawl, Mizoram. Currently, he is the Principal of Govt. J. Thankima College.

His area of interest includes econometrics, quantitative technique, demography, economic inequality etc. He has published a good number of papers in the national and international journals of repute in addition to four books to his credit.

Lalrinfeli (b.1973) obtained her Master Degree in Economics from University of Madras, Tamil Nadu in May 1999 and awarded 'The Sarada Raju Proficiency Prize (Economics) in 1999 on account of good performance in the University Examination. She joined Govt. J. Thankima College in October 1999 and currently she is an Associate Professor in the Department of Economics. Her area of interest includes Indian Economy, Micro economics, Demography, Environmental Economics and Rural economics.

Diana Zorinsangi (b. 1984) obtained her MA degree in 2010, M. Phil in 2012 and Ph.D in 2018 from Mizoram University (MZU) where her study focuses on the implementation of Right to Education Act, 2009 in Mizoram.Currently she served as an Assistant Professor in Department of Education at Govt. J.Thankima College, Aizawl, Mizoram.

Lalrinkimi Pachuau (b.1989) is an Assistant Professor in Economics Department at Govt. J.Thankima College, Aizawl, Mizoram. She obtained her MA (Economics) degree from Bangalore University in 2013. She was awarded Ph.D in Economics by the Mizoram University in 2018. Her study focuses on Transport Economics and Consumer behaviour.

The sincere efforts of our esteemed Principal Prof. JV Nunchunga have bear fruit wherein I am honoured to avail this publication on his behalf. The book is a contribution of our still scanty knowledge of Economics, Politics, literature and Education to students and scholars who have undertaken, as a modest but effective part of professional education, to apply the disciplines of scholarly research to some of the human problems that confront them in their chosen vocation. I would also wish to express my sincere gratitude to all those contributors of valuable research articles for disseminating knowledge through this publication. A journal of this kind could not be expected without enthusiastic researchers like the present contributors. Moreover, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to the team of Editors for their sincere dedication and sacrifice so that this kind of publication becomes a reality. I am honoured to mention their names, Prof. JV. Nunchunga, Ms Lalrinfeli, Dr. Diana Zorinsangi and Dr. Lalrinkimi Pachuau as they are the team who processed all the research papers to be published in this book. Lastly, I may also extend my sincere thanks to all the members of the Research and Consultancy Committee of Govt. J. Thankima College for the invaluable support and cooperation so that a publication of this kind has been achieved today.

A collection of twenty three intriguing panoramic views taken across Mizoram and its neighbouring countries; this book aims at creating a platform for the exchange of experiences and outcomes from the researches of different fields, enveloping different educational dimensions. This book is divided into four sections and contains studies and writings from different subjects.

Section A has eight chapters which envelopes writings on Economics. Chapter 1 highlights how the Mizos started trade practices for their livelihood. The author Ms. Sangrozamibriefly elaborates the commercial markets and the trading items of the Mizos with which they interact with the outside-world. Chapter 2 is a detailed analysis of Challenges of Act East Policy in the Northeast India by JV. Nunchunga. This paper highlighted various challenges of India's Act East Policy (AEP) like insurgencies, smugglings, cross border activities, bio-diversity issues and economic security. After describing various insurgent groups in the northeast India and those from Myanmar at length, the paper concluded with policy prescriptions for border security, prevention of smuggling, bio-diversity conservation and tactic for dealing with insurgent groups so that the AEP will be profitably implemented for all participating countries. Chapter 3 is on India-Bhutan Economic and Hydro-Energy Relations, 1997-2010 by Lalbuatsaiha,Bhutan is a land-locked country. It is also buffer state because it is located between India and China. The particular difference of Bhutan to other South Asian countries is that it has never been colonized by big powers even since ancient period. Bhutan had immense rivers for construction of hydro-electricity. Hence, hydro-electricity is the back-bone of Bhutan economic development. In the same way, India needs to purchase sufficient hydro-electricity from Bhutan. According to Lalbuatsaiha, Modi considered sustaining and improving ties with neighbouring countries a major foreign policy priority. It was in this context that the prime minister of Bhutan, along with other heads of the South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) states, was invited for the swearing in ceremony of the Modi government. Subsequently, Modi decided to make his first foreign trip as prime minister to Bhutan. While Modi's visit sent a clear signal about how important neighbours are for India, high-level political visits and exchanges between the two countries have since become a strong pillar of India-Bhutan ties.

**Contents and Sample Pages**