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Hinduism is the most prevalent religion in Kerala. The mythical classics surrounding Kerala's origins are also Hindu in nature. Kerala has yielded a range of saints and religious movements. It is also home to a variety of Hindu practices, seen in the presence of In Kerala, various Shiva and Vishnu. Lord Krishna is extensively revered throughout Kerala, with Guruvayur being one of the most well-known temples in the state. With the dominance of Hinduism across the state, it goes without saying that the most prominent religious texts are the sacred texts rooted in Hindu ideologies. The most important being the Vedas.

The Vedas are defined as a collection of Hindu religious texts that originated in ancient India. The texts, written in Vedic Sanskrit, are the earliest examples of Sanskrit literature and the world's oldest Hindu scriptures. These sacred texts govern important Hindu ideologies and are popularly known as Sanatan Dharma, which in Hindu traditions means "Eternal Order" or "Eternal Path." Veda means "knowledge," and it is believed that they provide valuable insight into the root cause of, function of, and personal behavioral responses to existence. They are thought to be one of the world's, if not the, oldest religious texts. They are commonly referred to as "scripture," which is correct because they are holy writings that contain insights into the nature of God. They are divided into the Rig Veda, Yajur Veda, Sama Veda, and Atharva Veda.

Rig Veda

The Rig Veda is the oldest of the four Vedas, containing 1,028 hymns and 10,600 verses in ten books (called mandalas). These verses address fundamental issues concerning existence as well as appropriate religious observance and practise, with a focus on universal vibrations as understood by the great philosophers who first heard them. This philosophical interpretation of Hinduism addresses the notion that the purpose of personal existence is to challenge it as one progresses from worldly desires to self-actualization and association with the Divine. The Rig Veda inspires such inquiries through hymns to divine beings, most notably Agni, Mitra, Varuna, Indra, and Soma, who are eventually regarded as avatars of Brahman, the Supreme Over-Soul, First Cause, and Origin of Existence.

Yajur Veda

The Yajur Veda that translates to ‘Worship Knowledge’ or 'Ritual Knowledge’ is a collection of religious dialogues, devotional worship methods, mantras, and chants. Its material is inferred from the Rig Veda, as is that of the Sama Veda, but the main focus of its 1,875 verses is on religious observance of sacraments. It is widely assumed that it has two "segments" that are not distinct parts but rather properties of the whole. The "dark Yajur Veda" refers to ambiguous and poorly structured sections, whereas the "light Yajur Veda" refers to verses that are easier to understand and better organized.

Sama Veda

Translating to ‘Song Knowledge or ‘Melody Knowledge’, the Samaveda is derived almost entirely from the Rigveda. The Rigvedic era is said to have inspired ancient Samaveda literature; however, the Samaveda that exists today is from the post-Rigvedic Mantra period. It appears to have evolved at the same time as the Atharvaveda and the Yajurveda. The Samaveda Samhita is split into two parts. The first section includes four melody compilations, while the second section includes three verse "books." The Samaveda, like the Rigveda, usually begins with hymns to Agni and Indra before moving on to the intangible. Their meters shift in decreasing order as well.

Atharva Veda

The Atharva Veda differs from the other three by emphasizing magical runes to ward off evil spirits or peril, mantras, hymns, devotions, initiation rituals, marital and burial ceremonies, and reflections on daily life. The title is thought to be derived from the priest Atharvan, who was known as a healer and religious pioneer. It is divided into 20 books and contains 730 hymns, some of which are based on the Rig Veda.

FAQ’s:

Q1. What is the role of the Vedas in Indian history?

The Vedas form a monumental part of Indian history because it is regarded globally as the oldest religious text that exists. Having originated in India, it has contributed to the ideology and culture of the country in more ways than one.

Q2. Out of the four Vedas, which is the oldest Veda?

The Rig Veda is considered the oldest Veda among the four that exist. It forms the foundation of religious scriptures in Hinduism. Additionally, the other three Vedas are largely inspired by the Rig Veda.

BOOKS IN MALAYALAM ON VEDAS

Learning about the Vedic Texts impact in the classical language of India, Malayalam